Declaration of Generative AI

Authors are required to disclose any use of generative artificial intelligence during the manuscript preparation process at the time of submission. The following guidelines apply exclusively to the writing stage and do not concern the use of AI tools for data analysis, methodological processes, or the generation of research insights.

Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies may be used solely to improve the clarity, readability, or linguistic quality of the manuscript. Such tools must be employed under direct human supervision, and authors must carefully review, verify, and edit all outputs to ensure accuracy and reliability. Because AI-generated content may appear authoritative while being inaccurate, incomplete, or biased, authors retain full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the final manuscript. Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies cannot be listed or cited as authors or co-authors, as authorship requires accountability that can only be assumed by human contributors.

Disclosure Requirements

Authors must disclose the use of generative AI or AI-assisted technologies in the writing process by including a statement at the end of the manuscript upon initial submission. If the paper is accepted, this statement must appear in a separate section immediately before the references in the published version. The required format is as follows:

Section Title: Declaration of Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies in the Writing Process

Sample Statement: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used [NAME OF TOOL/SERVICE] for [PURPOSE]. After using this tool/service, the author(s) thoroughly reviewed and edited the content as necessary and accept full responsibility for the final version of the article.

This declaration is not required for the use of basic tools such as grammar checkers, spell checkers, or reference management software. If no generative AI or AI-assisted technologies were used, no statement is necessary.

Note

To protect authors’ confidentiality and intellectual property rights, the journal currently prohibits reviewers and editors from using generative AI or AI-assisted tools (such as ChatGPT) during the peer review and manuscript evaluation process. The journal is assessing secure and compliant AI options and may revise this policy in the future.